Turkish Lesson For Beginer-23-A
Learn basic turkish words
Turkish for Beginners | Words & Grammar in Context 📚
| 🇹🇷 Turkish Sentence | 🇬🇧 English Translation | 💡 Detailed Explanation (Grammar & Vocabulary) |
|---|---|---|
| Belediye hizmetleri yok mu? | Is there no municipal service? | • Belediye (Be-le-di-ye): Municipality 🏛️ • Hizmet-ler-i (Hiz-met-le-ri): Services ⚙️. -ler = plural suffix, -i = possessive/definite object suffix.• Yok: Nonexistent ❌ • mu?: Question particle ❓ |
| Farklı | Different | • Farklı (Far-klı): Different 🔄. A simple adjective, no suffixes. |
| Yemekler çok güzeldi. | The food was very delicious. | • Yemek-ler (Ye-mek-ler): Foods 🍽️. -ler = plural suffix.• Çok: Very 🔥 • Güzel-di (Gü-zel-di): Was beautiful/delicious 😋. -di = past tense suffix. |
| Kahire ve İskenderiye | Cairo and Alexandria | • Kahire (Ka-hi-re): Cairo 🏙️ • İskenderiye (İs-ken-de-ri-ye): Alexandria 🏖️. These are proper nouns; no suffixes. |
| Kirliydi. | It was dirty. | • Kirli (Kir-li): Dirty 🏚️ • -ydi: Was. The past tense suffix -di is added to adjectives to state a past condition. |
| Niye gittin? | Why did you go? | • Niye (Ni-ye): Why ❓ • Git-ti-n (Git-tin): You went 🚶♂️. Git = root (to go), -ti = past tense marker, -n = 2nd person singular suffix (you). |
| Mumyalar harikaydı. | The mummies were amazing. | • Mumya-lar (Mum-ya-lar): Mummies 🏺. -lar = plural suffix.• Harika-ydı (Ha-ri-ka-y-dı): Were amazing 🎇. -ydı = past tense marker. |
| Pazarlar çok benziyor. | The markets look very similar. | • Pazar-lar (Pa-zar-lar): Markets 🏬. -lar = plural suffix.• Çok: Very 🔥 • Benzi-yor (Ben-zi-yor): Looks like/resembles 👀. -yor = present continuous tense suffix. |
| İran’a gittim. | I went to Iran. | • İran’a (İ-ra-n’a): To Iran 🇮🇷. -a = dative case suffix (to/towards).• Git-ti-m (Git-tim): I went 🚶♂️. -ti = past tense, -m = 1st person singular suffix (I). |
| İran çok güzeldi. | Iran was very beautiful. | • İran (İ-ran): Iran 🇮🇷 • Çok: Very 🔥 • Güzel-di (Gü-zel-di): Was beautiful 😍. -di = past tense suffix. |
| Eskiden İran’da Türk devleti vardı. | There was a Turkish state in Iran in the past. | • Eskiden (Es-ki-den): In the past ⏳ • İran’da (İ-ran-da): In Iran 🇮🇷. -da = locative case suffix (in/at/on).• Türk devlet-i (Türk dev-le-ti): Turkish state 🏛️. -i = possessive marker (of the Turkish state).• Var-dı: There was ✅. -dı = past tense suffix. |
| Orada Türkleri seviyorlar mı? | Do they like Turks there? | • Orada (O-ra-da): There 📍. -da = locative suffix.• Türk-ler-i (Türk-le-ri): Turks 🏴. -ler = plural, -i = definite accusative case suffix (the specific object).• Sevi-yor-lar (Se-vi-yor-lar): They like ❤️. -yor = present continuous, -lar = 3rd person plural suffix (they).• mı?: Question particle ❓ |
| Suriye’yi sevmiyorlar. | They don’t like Syria. | • Suriye-yi (Su-ri-ye-yi): Syria 🇸🇾. -yi = definite accusative case suffix.• Sev-mi-yor-lar (Sev-mi-yor-lar): They don’t like ❌❤️. Sev = root (to like), -me = negative suffix, -yor = present continuous, -lar = 3rd person plural. |
| Bilmiyorum. | I don’t know. | • Bil-mi-yor-um (Bil-mi-yo-rum): I don’t know 🤔. Bil = root (to know), -me = negative suffix, -yor = present continuous, -um = 1st person singular suffix (I). |
| Çok problem var. | There are many problems. | • Çok: Many/Very 🔥 • Problem: Problem • Var: There is/are ✅. This sentence uses a common noun-phrase structure without a plural suffix on “problem,” implying “a lot of problem” as a general concept. |
📖 Grammar Focus & Q&A
| ❓ Grammar Question | ✅ Explanation |
|---|---|
| Why do we add the suffix “-i” after “devlet” (state) in “Türk devleti vardı”? | The suffix -i acts as a possessive marker. It links “Türk” (Turkish) to “devlet” (state), creating a compound noun meaning “the Turkish state” or “state of the Turks,” specifying which state we are talking about. |
| Why does “Suriye” become “Suriyeyi” in “Suriyeyi sevmiyorlar”? | -yi is the definite accusative case suffix. It marks “Suriye” as the specific, direct object of the verb “sevmek” (to like). It answers the question “Whom don’t they like?” -> “Suriye’yi” (Syria). |
| Why is “-in” added to “Piramit” in “Piramitin içine girdim”? | The suffix -in is the genitive case suffix (like ‘s or “of” in English). “Piramitin içi” means “the pyramid’s inside” or “the inside of the pyramid.” It shows possession or relationship. |
| What do the suffixes in “beğenmedi” mean? | Beğen-me-di (He/She/It did not like) • beğen: Root verb (to like)• -me: Negative suffix (not)• -di: Past tense suffix (shows the ac |
📚 Turkish Vocabulary List
| 🇹🇷 Turkish Word | 🇬🇧 English Meaning | 🎯 Category |
|---|---|---|
| Belediye 🏛️ | Municipality | Noun |
| Hizmet ⚙️ | Service | Noun |
| Yok ❌ | There isn’t/Nonexistent | Adjective |
| Farklı 🔄 | Different | Adjective |
| Yemek 🍽️ | Food/Meal | Noun |
| Çok 🔥 | Very/Much | Adverb |
| Güzel 😍 | Beautiful/Nice | Adjective |
| Kirli 🏚️ | Dirty | Adjective |
| Niye ❓ | Why | Question Word |
| Gitmek 🚶♂️ | To go | Verb |
| Mumya 🏺 | Mummy | Noun |
| Harika 🎇 | Amazing | Adjective |
| Pazar 🏬 | Market | Noun |
| Benzemek 👀 | To resemble | Verb |
| İran 🇮🇷 | Iran | Proper Noun |
| Eskiden ⏳ | In the past | Adverb |
| Türk 🏴 | Turkish | Adjective/Noun |
| Devlet 🏛️ | State | Noun |
| Var ✅ | There is/Exists | Adjective |
| Orada 📍 | There | Adverb |
| Sevmek ❤️ | To like/love | Verb |
| Suriye 🇸🇾 | Syria | Proper Noun |
| Bilmek 🤔 | To know | Verb |