Lesson 9-Section4

1. Yarın İstanbul’a gideceğim.

• Yarın: Tomorrow
• İstanbul: Istanbul (a city)
• -a: To (suffix showing direction)
• Gideceğim: I will go (from the verb gitmek, to go)

Question: Why do we use -a in "İstanbul’a"?

Answer: We use -a because İstanbul ends with an undotted vowel (u), and -a is used to show direction toward a place. Also, -a is used because İstanbul ends in a consonant, making the suffix hard.

2. Ben hastanede çalışıyorum.

• Ben: I
• Hastane: Hospital
• -de: At (suffix showing location)
• Çalışıyorum: I am working (from the verb çalışmak, to work)

Question: Why do we use -de in "hastanede"?

Answer: We use -de because hastane ends with a dotted vowel (e), and -de is used for locations (being at a place with a dotted vowel).

3. Sen Fransa’dan geliyorsun.

• Sen: You
• Fransa: France (a country)
• -dan: From (suffix showing origin)
• Geliyorsun: You are coming (from the verb gelmek, to come)

Question: Why do we use -dan in "Fransa’dan"?

Answer: We use -dan because Fransa ends with an undotted vowel (a), and -dan is used to show origin (coming from a place with an undotted vowel).

4. O Antalya’ya gidiyor.

• O: He/She/It
• Antalya: Antalya (a city)
• -ya: To (suffix showing direction, softened version of -a)
• Gidiyor: He/She is going (from the verb gitmek, to go)

Question: Why do we use -ya in "Antalya’ya"?

Answer: We use -ya because Antalya ends with an undotted vowel (a), and -ya is used for words ending with certain consonants like l, which softens the suffix.

5. Biz okula gidiyoruz.

• Biz: We
• Okul: School
• -a: To (suffix showing direction)
• Gidiyoruz: We are going (from the verb gitmek, to go)

Question: Why do we use -a in "okula"?

Answer: We use -a because okul ends with an undotted vowel (u), and -a is used to show direction toward a place. The suffix is hard because okul ends in a consonant.

6. O evde kalıyor.

• O: He/She/It
• Ev: House
• -de: At (suffix showing location)
• Kalıyor: He/She is staying (from the verb kalmak, to stay)

Question: Why do we use -de in "evde"?

Answer: We use -de because ev ends with a dotted vowel (e), and -de is used for locations (being at a place with a dotted vowel).

7. Ben Türkiye’den geldim.

• Ben: I
• Türkiye: Turkey (a country)
• -den: From (suffix showing origin)
• Geldim: I came (from the verb gelmek, to come)

Question: Why do we use -den in "Türkiye’den"?

Answer: We use -den because Türkiye ends with a dotted vowel (e), and -den is used to show origin (coming from a place with a dotted vowel).

8. Onlar parka gidiyor.

• Onlar: They
• Park: Park
• -a: To (suffix showing direction)
• Gidiyor: They are going (from the verb gitmek, to go)

Question: Why do we use -a in "parka"?

Answer: We use -a because park ends with an undotted vowel (a), and -a is used to show direction to a place with an undotted vowel.

9. Meryem evden çıktı.

• Meryem: Meryem (a name)
• Ev: House
• -den: From (suffix showing origin)
• Çıktı: She/He left (from the verb çıkmak, to leave)

Question: Why do we use -den in "evden"?

Answer: We use -den because ev ends with a dotted vowel (e), and -den is used to show origin (coming from a place with a dotted vowel).

10. O şehirde yaşıyor.

• O: He/She/It
• Şehir: City
• -de: In (suffix showing location)
• Yaşıyor: He/She is living (from the verb yaşamak, to live)

Question: Why do we use -de in "şehirde"?

Answer: We use -de because şehir ends with a dotted vowel (e), and -de is used for locations (living in a place with a dotted vowel).