Turkish sentence examples (Lesson6-Section1-B)

1. “Üniversiteyi nerede okudun?”

English Translation: Where did you study at university?
Word-by-Word Meaning:

• Üniversiteyi: university + accusative
• Nerede: where
• Okudun: studied (oku + d PST + n 2nd sg)

Suffix Explanations:

• “okudun” = oku (root: read/study) + du (PST) + n (you)

2. “Üniversiteyi Üsküp’te okudum.”

English Translation: I studied at university in Üsküp (Skopje).
Word-by-Word Meaning:

• Üniversiteyi: university (acc.)
• Üsküp’te: in Üsküp (Üsküp + te locative)
• Okudum: I studied (oku + du PST + m I)

Suffix Explanations:

• “okudum” = I studied (past)

3. “Kaç sene okudun?”

English Translation: How many years did you study?
Word-by-Word Meaning:

• Kaç: how many
• Sene: year(s)
• Okudun: you studied (past)

4. “4 sene üniversite okudum. .”

English Translation: I studied at university for 4 years. I will read a newspaper.
Word-by-Word Meaning (1st sentence):

• 4 sene: 4 years
• Üniversite: university
• Okudum: I studied

5.Ben gazete okuycam

(2nd sentence):

• Ben: I
• Gazete: newspaper
• Okuycam (okuyacağım): oku (read) + yacak (FUT) + ım (I). Spoken form: okuycam = Standard: okuyacağım (I will read)

6. “Onlar televizyon izliycek / izleyecek”

English Translation: They will watch television.
Word-by-Word Meaning:

• Onlar: they
• Televizyon: television
• İzleyecek: will watch (izle + yecek  FUT)

Suffix Explanations:

• Future tense: izleyecek = they will watch. (If “onlar” is used, adding “-ler” is optional.)

Abbreviations:

• FUT: Future tense suffix (“-ecek/-acak” in standard form, often “-ıcam/-ıcem” in spoken form)
• PRS CONT: Present continuous tense (“-ıyor/-iyor/-uyor/-üyor”)
• PST: Past tense (“-dı/-di/-du/-dü”)
• 1st sg: First person singular (“-ım/-im/-um/-üm”)
• 2nd sg: Second person singular (“-sın/-sin” etc.)
• Question particle: “mi/ mı/ mu/ mü”
• Possessive suffix: “-im/-in/-i” etc.
• Case suffixes: “-i” (accusative), “-a/-e” (dative), “-da/-de” (locative), “-dan/-den” (ablative)